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Speakers

High-Level Opening Panel

H.E. Alexander Schallenberg
Federal Minister for European and International Affairs of Austria

On 29 January 2020 Alexander Schallenberg was appointed Federal Minister for European and International Affairs of the Republic of Austria. Already since 3 June 2019 he had been appointed as Federal Minister for Europe, Integration and Foreign Affairs. Alexander Schallenberg was born on 20 June 1969 in Bern as the son of an Austrian diplomat. From 1989 - 1994 he studied the law at the University of Vienna and at the Université Panthéon-Assas (Paris II). He also holds a degree in European law from the College of Europe in Bruges. Alexander Schallenberg joined the diplomatic service of the Republic of Austria in 1997. He completed his training at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs primarily in the Section for EU Affairs. Alexander Schallenberg’s first posting abroad was as the EU legal advisor to the Permanent Representation of Austria to the European Union in Brussels. In December 2005 Alexander Schallenberg returned to Vienna, where he served as spokesperson to Foreign Minister Ursula Plassnik as well as to her successor Michael Spindelegger. He held further functions in the diplomatic service of the Republic of Austria including head of the Strategic Foreign Policy Planning Unit and head of the EU Affairs Section. Most recently, he served as head of the Coordination Section at the Federal Chancellery.

H.E. Izumi Nakamitsu
United Nations Under-Secretary-General and High Representative for Disarmament Affairs

Ms. Izumi Nakamitsu assumed her position as Under-Secretary-General and High Representative for Disarmament Affairs on 1 May 2017. Prior to taking on this post, Ms. Nakamitsu served as Assistant Administrator of the Crisis Response Unit at the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) since 2014. She has many years of experience within and outside the United Nations system, most recently as Special Adviser Ad Interim on Follow-up to the Summit on Addressing Large Movements of Refugees and Migrants between 2016 and 2017. She was previously Director of the Asia and the Middle East Division of the United Nations Department of Peacekeeping Operations between 2012 and 2014, and Director of the Department’s Division of Policy, Evaluation and Training, from 2008 to 2012. Between 2005 and 2008, Ms. Nakamitsu was Professor of International Relations at Hitotsubashi University in Tokyo, where she also served as a member of the Foreign Exchange Council to Japan’s Foreign Minister, and as a visiting senior adviser on peacebuilding at the Japan International Cooperation Agency. Between 1998 and 2004, she was the Chef de Cabinet and Director of Planning and Coordination at the International Institute for Democracy and Electoral Assistance, based in Stockholm, Sweden. Earlier in her career, Ms. Nakamitsu was a member of the United Nations Reform Team of former Secretary-General Kofi Annan. She also held positions with the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR), including within the office of Assistant High Commissioner for Policy and Operations Sergio Vieira de Mello, and in UNHCR field operations in the former Yugoslavia, Turkey and northern Iraq. Born in 1963, Ms. Nakamitsu holds a Master of Science degree in Foreign Service from Georgetown University in Washington, D.C., and a Bachelor of Law degree from Waseda University in Tokyo.

Hon Phil Twyford
Minister of Disarmament and Arms Control of New Zealand
 

Hon Phil Twyford was born and raised in Auckland, New Zealand. He is the Labour Member of Parliament for Te Atatū, where he lives. Phil Twyford’s vision is for New Zealand to deliver hope and opportunity to all people. After studying politics at Auckland University, Phil Twyford worked as a journalist and union organiser before becoming the founding Executive Director of Oxfam New Zealand. Phil Twyford’s strong belief in justice led to him becoming Oxfam’s Global Advocacy Director, based in Washington DC. Upon returning to New Zealand, Phil Twyford was elected to Parliament for the Labour Party in 2008. In Opposition, he held the portfolios of Housing, Transport, Auckland Issues, and Disarmament and Arms Control. Phil Twyford is currently the Minister for Disarmament and Arms Control, Minister of State for Trade and Export Growth, Associate Minister for the Environment and Associate Minister of Immigration.

Gilles Carbonnier
Vice President of the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC)
 

Elected to the ICRC Assembly in 2017 and ICRC's vice-president since April 2018. Gilles Carbonnier was born in 1965. He holds a doctorate in economics from the University of Neuchâtel and has worked in three main fields over the past 30 years: development economics, humanitarian action and international trade. Since 2007, Dr Carbonnier has been a professor of development economics at the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, where he also served as director of studies and president of the centre for Education and research in Humanitarian Action. His expertise is in international cooperation, the economic dynamics of armed conflict, and the nexus between natural resources and development. His latest book, published by Hurst and Oxford University Press in 2016, is entitled Humanitarian Economics: War, Disaster and the Global Aid Market. Prior to joining the Graduate Institute, Gilles spent several years with the ICRC: he worked in the field from 1989 to 1991 as head of subdelegation in Ethiopia and Iraq and as a delegate in Sri Lanka and El Salvador, then at headquarters from 1999 to 2006 as an economic adviser. He was on the board of directors for Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF) Switzerland from 2007 to 2012. Between 1992 and 1996, he was in charge of international trade negotiations (GATT/WTO) and development cooperation programmes for the Swiss State Secretariat for Economic Affairs.





Panel 1

Richard Moyes
Managing Director, Article 36

Richard Moyes is Managing Director of the UK NGO Article 36, which coordinates the Campaign to Stop Killer Robots. Article 36 has contributed to ongoing policy development on autonomous weapons, introducing and developing the term ‘meaningful human control’. Richard has worked on the creation of a number of international legal and political instruments relating to weapons and violence. Previously he worked in the mine action sector, including setting up demining operations in areas controlled by non state armed groups. He has masters degrees from Cambridge University and is an Honorary Fellow at the University of Exeter. He is a member of the Aviation Futures policy panel of the UK Civil Aviation Authority.
Publications available at: Richard Moyes | Politics | University of Exeter

Dr. Vincent Boulanin
Senior Researcher, Emerging Technologies, SIPRI (Stockholm International Peace Research Institute)

Dr Vincent Boulanin (France/Sweden) is a Senior Researcher leading SIPRI’s research on emerging military and security technologies. His focus is on issues related to the development, use and control of autonomy in weapon systems and the military applications of artificial intelligence (AI). He regularly presents his work to and engages with governments, United Nations bodies, international organizations, research institutes and the media. Before joining SIPRI in 2014, Boulanin completed a doctorate in political science at the École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales [School of Advanced Studies in the Social Sciences], Paris. His recent publications include Autonomous Weapons and International Humanitarian Law: Identifying Limits and the Required Times and Degree of Human-Machine Interaction (2021, co-author); Responsible Artificial Intelligence Research and Innovation for International Peace and Security, SIPRI Report (2020, co-author); Artificial Intelligence, Strategic Stability and Nuclear Risk, SIPRI Report (2020, co-author); and Limits on Autonomy in Weapon Systems: Identifying Practical Elements of Human Control, SIPRI/ICRC Report (2020, co-author).

Link to AWS related publications.
Autonomous Weapons and International Humanitarian Law: Identifying Limits and the Required Times and Degree of Human-Machine Interaction
https://sipri.org/publications/2021/other-publications/autonomous-weapon-systems-and-international-humanitarian-law-identifying-limits-and-required-type
Limits on Autonomy in Weapon Systems: Identifying Practical Elements of Human Control
https://sipri.org/publications/2020/other-publications/limits-autonomy-weapon-systems-identifying-practical-elements-human-control-0
Mapping the Development of Autonomy in Weapon Systems
https://sipri.org/publications/2017/other-publications/mapping-development-autonomy-weapon-systems
Article 36 Reviews, Dealing with the Challenges posed by Emerging Technologies
https://sipri.org/publications/2017/other-publications/article-36-reviews-dealing-challenges-posed-emerging-technologies
Responsible AI Research And Innovation for International Peace and Security
https://sipri.org/publications/2020/other-publications/responsible-artificial-intelligence-research-and-innovation-international-peace-and-security
Artificial Intelligence, Strategic Stability and Nuclear Risk
https://sipri.org/publications/2020/other-publications/artificial-intelligence-strategic-stability-and-nuclear-risk

Laurent Gisel
Head of the Arms and Conduct of Hostilities Unit, Legal Division, International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC)

Laurent Gisel leads the development and promotion of the ICRC’s strategies and activities to reaffirm, clarify, and strengthen international humanitarian law with regard to weapons of humanitarian concern, new technologies of warfare and the conduct of hostilities. Laurent worked in the ICRC Legal Division in various positions since 2008, including as Legal Adviser to Operations, and Senior Legal Adviser and Cyber Team Leader. From 2013 to 2020, he was the file-holder for the rules governing the conduct of hostilities under international humanitarian law, including their application during urban warfare, cyber operations, and outer space operations, on which he publishes regularly. Laurent began his career at the ICRC in 1999 and held several positions in conflict areas, in Israel and the Occupied Territories, Eritrea, Afghanistan, and as Deputy Head of Delegation in Nepal. He served as Diplomatic Adviser to the ICRC Presidency from 2005 to 2008. Prior to joining the ICRC, Laurent became attorney-at-law in Geneva and worked at the Public and Administrative Law Court of the Canton de Vaud. He holds a Degree in Law from the University of Geneva and a Masters in International Law from the Graduate Institute of International Studies (Geneva, Switzerland).
Link to key publications:
https://www.icrc.org/en/document/icrc-position-autonomous-weapon-systems

Dr. Elisabeth Hoffberger-Pippan
The International Panel on the Regulation of Autonomous Weapons (iPRAW), Researcher; German Institute for International and Security Affairs

Since August 2020 Researcher in the project International Panel on the Regulation of Autonomous Weapons (iPRAW). 2019 - 2020 University Assistant (post doc) at the Institute of International Law, Aviation Law and International Relations at Johannes Kepler University, Linz, Austria 2018 Research Fellow at the Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Nicaragua, UNAN, León 2017 Project Associate/Scientist in the project "Smart Scout" (funded by the Austrian Research Promotion Agency) on the use of drones and other unmanned aerial vehicles by the executive branch of government 2015 - 2019 University Assistant (prae doc) at the Institute of International Law, Aviation Law and International Relations at Johannes Kepler University, Linz.





Panel 2

Wanda MUÑOZ
Inclusion and Disarmament Consultant Human Security Network in Latin America and the Caribbean (SEHLAC) Member of the Global Partnership on Artificial Intelligence Mexico

Wanda Muñoz is an international consultant with more than fifteen year-experience in the fields of inclusion, response to gender-based violence, victim assistance and humanitarian disarmament. Wanda has worked at project and policy level in Asia, Africa, Europe and Latin America.
Wanda is a member of the Human Security Network in Latin America and the Caribbean (SEHLAC), which is part of the Campaign to Stop Killer Robots. In this capacity, she raises awareness about the ethical, legal and humanitarian risks of such weapons by engaging in dialogue with AI and legal experts, diplomats, academics and civil society organizations. She is also member of the Global Partnership on Artificial Intelligence which aims to contribute to the responsible development, use and governance of human-centred AI systems. In this capacity, she promotes international dialogue on how AI can build on human rights standards and international development practices to contribute effectively to the Sustainable Development Goals.
Wanda is Mexican and holds a dual Master’s Degree in International Affairs from Columbia University in New York and Science Po Paris, with a specialization in economic and political development.
Link to publications:
Home - wandamunoz-com
(2) Wanda Muñoz | LinkedIn

Dr. Markus Reisner, PhD
Colonel (General Staff) Theresian Military Academy, Austrian Armed Forces

Markus Reisner attended the Theresian Military Academy in Wiener Neustadt from 1998 to 2002. He then served in the Reconnaissance Battalion 2 in Salzburg until 2004. The following ten years he served in the “Jagdkommando”, the Special Operations Forces unit of the Austrian Armed Forces. He was deployed several times in conflict zones and spent significant time in Bosnia, Kosovo (Austrian contingent commander in 2021), Afghanistan, Iraq, Chad, Central Africa and Mali (Austrian contingent commander in 2019). He did also a Sabbatical (working for a German company producing Unmanned Aerial Vehicles) for a year. He studied history (Dr. phil) and finished a second dissertation (PhD) in “Interdisciplinary Legal Studies” (Faculty of Law/University of Vienna). For his research work (topic “Robotic Wars”) he was selected to be a member of the Vienna Doctoral Academy “Communicating the law”. Since 2017 he has been a member of the Military History Advisory Board of the Scientific Commission of the Federal Ministry of Defense. From 2017 to 2018 he was an adviser in the Cabinet of the Federal Ministry for Europe, Integration and Foreign Affairs. From August to December 2018 (during Austria´s last EU-Presidency) he served in the Military Policy Division of the Federal Ministry of Defense. His dissertation on "Robotic Wars" was published as book in late summer 2018. He published three further books on contemporary historical topics in several editions (including French). In addition, he wrote several articles on historical and current military topics. In 2019 he was selected to work as Ethic Expert for the “Horizon 2020/Horizon Europe” program of the EU. He is currently serving as the head of the department for research and development at the Theresian Military Academy in Wiener Neustadt.

Irakli Khodeli
Programme Specialist for Ethics of Science amd Technology, Social and Human Science sector, UNESCO

Irakli Khodeli has been with UNESCO since 2006. He is the holder of a BA in political science and MA in international relations. His work experience includes the Council of State Governments (USA, 2002-2005) and Open Society Georgia Foundation (Georgia, 2005-2006). From 2015 to 2020, he headed the Social and Human Sciences Unit of UNESCO’s Regional Science Bureau for Asia and the Pacific in Jakarta, working with the governments and the civil society in Brunei Darussalam, Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines and Timor-Leste, covering a range of issues related to the Sustainable Development Goals, including social inclusion, human rights, bioethics and sustainability science. He is currently working on Bioethics and Ethics of Science and Technology at UNESCO headquarters in Paris, focusing on ethics of artificial intelligence.

Liz O’Sullivan
CEO of Parity

Liz O’Sullivan is the new CEO of Dr. Rumman Chowdhury's Parity, a platform that automates model risk and algorithmic governance for the enterprise. Previously, Liz was the first Technology Director of the Surveillance Technology Oversight Project, and cofounder of model monitoring platform Arthur.ai. She is a member of the International Committee for Robot Arms Control, where she advises the Campaign to Stop Killer Robots on all things AI.

Charlotte Stix
Technology Policy Expert with specialization in AI governance and PhD Student Fellow at Cambridge University

Charlotte Stix is an experienced technology policy expert with a specialization in AI governance. Her PhD research at the Eindhoven University of Technology critically examines ethical, governance and regulatory challenges around artificial intelligence. In that context, she serves as Fellow to the Leverhulme Centre for the Future of Intelligence, University of Cambridge, and regularly advises technology companies, governments and international organisations on the topic areas.
Most recently, Charlotte was the Coordinator of the High-Level Expert Group on Artificial Intelligence (AI HLEG) of the European Commission and an Expert to the World Economic Forum's Global Future Council on Neurotechnologies.
Charlotte was awarded as a 2020 Forbes' 30 under 30 (Europe), named a Young Global Shaper by the World Economic Forum and a Leader of Tomorrow by the St. Gallen Symposium.
In her spare time, Charlotte runs the bi-monthly EuropeanAI newsletter, widely seen as the definitive resource for insights into developments in AI policy across the European Union.
Link to publications:
Writing | Charlotte Stix





Panel 3

Emilia Javorsky MD, MPH
The Future of Life Institute

Dr. Javorsky leads advocacy efforts on the topic of lethal autonomous weapons at non-profit The Future of Life Institute where she is the Director of Multistakeholder Engagement. She is an advocate for ensuring the ethical and responsible deployment of emerging technologies and directs the non-profit Scientists Against Inhumane Weapons. Dr. Javorsky is also physician-scientist leading the invention, translation, and development of medical technologies in both industry and academia. She has authored over a dozen peer-reviewed publications, including the 2019 BMJ editorial "Lethal Autonomous Weapons: It's not too late to stop this new and potentially catastrophic force," and is a co-inventor of multiple patents. Currently she is also a Visiting Scholar at the Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering at Harvard Medical School. Emilia received her undergraduate degree from Columbia University, masters from Boston University, medical degree from the University of Massachusetts, and completed her post-doctoral research at Harvard Medical School. She is also a member of the World Economic Forum's Global Shaper community, a Forbes 30 Under 30 in Healthcare in 2017, and was a 2012-13 Fulbright-Schuman scholar to the European Union.

Dr. Patricia Lewis
Chatham House, Research Director International Security

Dr Patricia M. Lewis is the Research Director for Conflict, Science & Transformation and the Director of the International Security Programme at Chatham House in London. Her former posts include: Deputy Director and Scientist-in-Residence at the Center for Nonproliferation Studies at the Monterey Institute; Director of the United Nations Institute for Disarmament Research (UNIDIR); and Director of VERTIC. Dr Lewis served on the 2004-6 WMD Commission, chaired by Dr Hans Blix, the 2010-2011 Advisory Panel on Future Priorities of the OPCW, chaired by Ambassador Rolf Ekeus, and was an Advisor to the 2008-10 International Commission on Nuclear Non-proliferation and Disarmament (ICNND) chaired by Gareth Evans and Yoriko Kawaguchi. She was a Commissioner on the 2014-2016 Global Commission on Internet Governance chaired by Carl Bildt and is on the EEAS Space Advisory Board (SAB) as a Senior Space Advisor to the EU Special Envoy for Space. She sits on the SIPRI Governing Board, the UK Chapter of Women of Color Advancing Peace, Security and Conflict Transformation’s (WCAPS) inaugural Advisory Board, the ICRC Global Advisory Board on the Protection of Civilians from Digital Threats during Armed Conflict, the University of Birmingham Foresight Strategic Research Themes Group and the Open University AstrobiologyOU External Advisory Board. She holds a BSc (Hons) in physics from Manchester University, a PhD in nuclear physics from Birmingham University and an Honorary Doctor of Laws from the University of Warwick and is the recipient of the American Physical Society’s 2009 Joseph A. Burton Forum Award recognizing ‘outstanding contributions to the public understanding or resolution of physics’. Dr Lewis is a dual national of the UK and Ireland.

https://www.chathamhouse.org/2014/04/too-close-comfort-cases-near-nuclear-use-and-options-policy

Dr. phil. Frank Sauer
Bundeswehr University Munich, Senior Research Fellow

Dr. phil. Frank Sauer is the Head of Research at the Metis Institute for Strategy and Foresight and a Senior Research Fellow at the Bundeswehr University Munich. He is an expert in the field of international politics with a focus on security. The main focus of his research is on nuclear issues and emerging technologies, especially the military application of artificial intelligence (AI) and robotics.
Frank Sauer is a sought-after dialogue partner and consultant on the nexus of technology, society and security. He shares his knowledge widely, with decision-makers of private companies, with the public through interviews and op-eds, with the German parliament’s policymakers through expert testimonies, and with the international community at the United Nations in Geneva.
Frank Sauer is currently a member of the International Committee for Robot Arms Control (ICRAC). He also serves on the International Panel on the Regulation of Autonomous Weapons (iPRAW) and the Expert Commission on the responsible use of technologies in the European 'Future Combat Air System' (FCAS). As a member of the Atlantic Council’s US-Germany Renewal Initiative, Frank also helps rethink and jump-start a long overdue dialogue on the future of the US-German relationship.
Frank is the co-host of the German language podcast "Sicherheitshalber" on all matters security and defense.
You can follow Frank on Twitter @drfranksauer.
List of publications available at: Dr. Frank Sauer — Institut für Politikwissenschaft (unibw.de)